Sains Malaysiana 52(7)(2023): 1915-1923

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5207-02

Survival and Immune Responses of F₁ Transgenic Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon against White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV)

(Kemandirian dan Tindak Balas Kekebalan Udang Harimau Transgen F₁ Penaeus monodon terhadap Virus Sindrom Bintik Putih (WSSV))

ANDI PARENRENGI¹*, ANDI TENRIULO¹, BUNGA RANTE TAMPANGALLO¹, HERLINAH HERLINAH¹, ROSMIATI ROSMIATI¹, EMMA SURYATI¹, ALIMUDDIN ALIMUDDIN², SAMUEL LANTE¹, AGUS NAWANG¹, SUWARDI SUWARDI¹ & ANDI ALIAH HIDAYANI³

¹Research Center for Fishery, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia

²Department of Aquaculture, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

³Department of Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia

Received: 14 December 2022/Accepted: 7 July 2023

Abstract

Transgenic technology has been applied to tiger shrimp Peneus monodon to produce a resistant strain to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) by antiviral gene overexpression. The founders (F₀) transgenic tiger shrimp have been successfully bred to produce the first generation (F₁). The present study aimed to evaluate the survival and immune responses of F₁ transgenic tiger shrimp against WSSV. The F₁ transgenic and non-transgenic shrimp (control) with an average weight of 7.93±1.49 g were collected from the controlled brackish water ponds and stocked in a 20 L fiberglass tank with a density of 5 shrimp/tank. The transgenic shrimps were confirmed by a PCR assay. The shrimp were intramuscularly injected with WSSV to evaluate the performance between transgenic and non-transgenic. The survival (SR) was observed daily after the challenge test. Measurement of immune responses, namely total haemocyte count (THC), differential haemocyte count (DHC), prophenoloxidase (proPO) activity, and RNA content in haemolymph was conducted on before challenge, and on the 1^st, 3^rd, and 5^th days after challenge. The survival and immune responses were statistically analysed by the t-student test. The results showed that the SR of transgenic (52.0%), with a relative percentage survival of 47.82%, was greater (P<0.05) than the control shrimp (8.0%). The THC, proPO, and RNA content of the transgenic shrimp was higher (P<0.05) than the non-transgenic shrimp. The results suggested that the transgenic tiger shrimp, due to antiviral gene overexpression, increased the resistance against WSSV.

Keywords: Challenge test; F₁ transgenic tiger shrimp; immune response; survival rate; white spot syndrome virus

Abstrak

Teknologi transgen telah digunakan pada udang harimau Peneus monodon untuk menghasilkan strain tahan terhadap virus sindrom bintik putih (WSSV) oleh ekspresi berlebihan gen antiviral. Pengasas (F₀) udang harimau transgen telah berjaya dibiakkan untuk menghasilkan generasi pertama (F₁). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kemandirian dan tindak balas imun udang harimau transgen F₁ terhadap WSSV. Udang transgen dan bukan transgen F₁ (kawalan) dengan berat purata 7.93±1.49 g telah dikumpul daripada kolam air payau terkawal dan disimpan dalam tangki gentian kaca 20 L dengan ketumpatan 5 ekor udang/tangki. Udang transgen telah disahkan oleh ujian PCR. Udang telah disuntik secara intramuskul dengan WSSV untuk menilai prestasi antara transgen dan bukan transgen. Kemandirian (SR) diperhatikan setiap hari selepas ujian cabaran. Pengukuran tindak balas imun, iaitu jumlah bilangan hemosit (THC), kiraan hemosit pembezaan (DHC), aktiviti profenoloksidase (proPO) dan kandungan RNA dalam hemolimfa telah dijalankan pada sebelum cabaran dan pada hari ke-1, ke-3, dan ke-5 selepas cabaran. Kemandirian dan tindak balas imun dianalisis secara statistik oleh ujian t-pelajar. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa SR transgen (52.0%), dengan peratusan kemandirian relatif 47.82%, adalah lebih besar (P<0.05) daripada udang kawalan (8.0%). Kandungan THC, proPO dan RNA udang transgen adalah lebih tinggi (P<0.05) berbanding udang bukan transgen. Hasilnya mencadangkan bahawa udang harimau transgen, disebabkan ekspresi berlebihan gen antivirus, meningkatkan daya tahan terhadap WSSV.

Kata kunci: Kadar kemandirian; tindak balas imun; udang harimau transgen F₁; ujian cabaran; virus sindrom bintik putih

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*Corresponding author; email: andi053@brin.go.id